Photo: Intimate Partner Violence

Intimate Partner Violence

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) encompasses “physical violence, sexual violence, stalking, and psychological aggression (including coercive tactics) by a current or former intimate partner (i.e., spouse, boyfriend/girlfriend, dating partner, or ongoing sexual partner).”1 IPV is commonly referred to as domestic violence in many countries; however, although domestic violence covers the same behaviours and dynamics as IPV, domestic violence can occur between any two people within a household and not only between intimate partners.2 Family violence, another related term, is broader and includes a range of violence (e.g., abuse, mistreatment, or neglect) that can happen in families, such as child and elderly abuse by caregivers and others.1

IPV can happen to anyone regardless of race, gender, culture, and socioeconomic status.2 IPV can also occur in any relationship, including heterosexual relationships and relationships among sexual minority populations1; however, this toolkit focuses on IPV among survivors who identify as women, including cisgender and transgender women, as the vast majority of IPV survivors are women3.


This toolkit is designed to provide information primarily about the intersection of Intimate Partner Violence and Traumatic Brain Injury. As such, it does not provide in-depth information about IPV. You can find out more information about IPV in general and some of the specific concerns survivors and care providers encounter by exploring the websites listed below.

VEGA Project
  • Website

VEGA Project

VEGA has developed an online platform of education resources comprised of learning modules (e.g., care pathways, scripts, how-to videos), interactive educational scenarios and a Handbook. These will equip healthcare and social service providers (including students) in addressing the needs of those who may have experienced family violence. These resources are based on a series of systematic reviews summarizing the scientific evidence.

Visit the VEGA Project website>>

Women’s Shelters Canada
  • Website
  • Shelter

Women’s Shelters Canada

Women’s Shelters Canada is a network of 14 provincial and territorial shelter associations representing over 450 shelters across Canada. Their website, ShelterSafe.ca is an online resource for women and their children seeking safety from violence and abuse. The clickable map serves as a quick resource to connect women with the nearest shelter that can offer safety, hope, and support.

Visit ShelterSafe.ca>>

Centre for Research & Education on Violence Against Women & Children (CREVAWC)
  • Website

Centre for Research & Education on Violence Against Women & Children (CREVAWC)

CREVAWC is a centre housed at the University of Western Ontario faculty of Medicine that focuses on research, education, and advocacy on prevention of violence against women and children. They provide online training modules ranging from collaborative prevention efforts to how to respond to disclosure. CREVAWC is a collaboration between The University of Western Ontario, Fanshawe College and the London Coordinating Committee to End Women Abuse.

Visit the website>>

IPV Educate
  • Website
  • Training

IPV Educate

The EDUCATE program was developed with the purpose of providing orthopaedic surgeons and health care providers working in fracture clinics with the knowledge and skills that will allow them to comfortably assist women who are victims of intimate partner violence. It uses a multi-faceted approach to deliver training, including: an in-person presentation, videos, case sharing, and interactive discussions.

Visit the website>>

WomenatthecentrE
  • Website

WomenatthecentrE

WomenatthecentrE was founded in 2008 by survivors to offer personal advocacy (e.g., skills-building training, peer support), political advocacy (e.g., provides evidence to governments and service agencies) and social advocacy (e.g., raises public awareness, community outreach) programs to survivors.

Visit the WomenatthecentrE website>>

References

1Breiding, M. J., Basile, K. C., Smith, S. G., Black, M. C., & Mahendra, R. R. (2015). Intimate partner violence surveillance: uniform definitions and recommended data elements, Version 2.0. Atlanta (GA): National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

2World Health Organization. (2012). Understanding and addressing violence against women [Fact sheet]. World Health Organization. Available: https://www.who.int/reproducti...

3C. Garcia-Moreno, H. A. Jansen, M. Ellsberg, L. Heise, and C. H. Watts, “Prevalence of intimate partner violence: findings from the WHO multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence,” Lancet, vol. 368, no. 9543, pp. 1260–1269, 2006.

4Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Preventing intimate partner violence [Fact sheet]. Available: https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/intimatepartnerviolence/fastfact.html

5Statistics Canada. (2013). Measuring violence against women: Statistical trends. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 85-002-X. Ottawa. Version updated February 2013. Ottawa. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/85-002-x/2013001/article/11766-eng.pdf (February 1, 2021).

6Cotter, A. (2021). Intimate partner violence in Canada, 2018: An overview. Retrieved from Statistics Canada: https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/85-002-x/2021001/article/00003-eng.htm

7A. St. Ivany and D. Schminkey, “Intimate partner violence and traumatic brain injury: State of the science and next steps,” Fam. Community Heal., vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 129–137, 2016

8Sheridan DJ, Nash KR. Acute injury patterns of intimate partner violence victims. Trauma Violence Abuse. 2007;8(3):281-289.

9E. Valera and H. Berenbaum, "Brain injury in battered women," J. Consult. Clin. Psychol., vol. 71, no. 4, pp. 797-804, 2003.

10Smith, S. G., Chen, J., Basile, K. C., Gilbert, L. K., Merrick, M. T., Patel, N., Walling, M., & Jain, A. (2017). The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS): 2010-2012 State Report. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

11Smith, D. L. (2008). Disability, gender and intimate partner violence: relationships from the behavioral risk factor surveillance system. Sexuality and Disability, 26(1), 15-28.